HKU professor apologizes after PhD student’s AI-assisted paper cites fabricated sources.
Updated
January 8, 2026 6:33 PM
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The University of Hong Kong in Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong Island. PHOTO: ADOBE STOCK
It’s no surprise that artificial intelligence, while remarkably capable, can also go astray—spinning convincing but entirely fabricated narratives. From politics to academia, AI’s “hallucinations” have repeatedly shown how powerful technology can go off-script when left unchecked.
Take Grok-2, for instance. In July 2024, the chatbot misled users about ballot deadlines in several U.S. states, just days after President Joe Biden dropped his re-election bid against former President Donald Trump. A year earlier, a U.S. lawyer found himself in court for relying on ChatGPT to draft a legal brief—only to discover that the AI tool had invented entire cases, citations and judicial opinions. And now, the academic world has its own cautionary tale.
Recently, a journal paper from the Department of Social Work and Social Administration at the University of Hong Kong was found to contain fabricated citations—sources apparently created by AI. The paper, titled “Forty Years of Fertility Transition in Hong Kong,” analyzed the decline in Hong Kong’s fertility rate over the past four decades. Authored by doctoral student Yiming Bai, along with Yip Siu-fai, Vice Dean of the Faculty of Social Sciences and other university officials, the study identified falling marriage rates as a key driver behind the city’s shrinking birth rate. The authors recommended structural reforms to make Hong Kong’s social and work environment more family-friendly.
But the credibility of the paper came into question when inconsistencies surfaced among its references. Out of 61 cited works, some included DOI (Digital Object Identifier) links that led to dead ends, displaying “DOI Not Found.” Others claimed to originate from academic journals, yet searches yielded no such publications.
Speaking to HK01, Yip acknowledged that his student had used AI tools to organize the citations but failed to verify the accuracy of the generated references. “As the corresponding author, I bear responsibility”, Yip said, apologizing for the damage caused to the University of Hong Kong and the journal’s reputation. He clarified that the paper itself had undergone two rounds of verification and that its content was not fabricated—only the citations had been mishandled.
Yip has since contacted the journal’s editor, who accepted his explanation and agreed to re-upload a corrected version in the coming days. A formal notice addressing the issue will also be released. Yip said he would personally review each citation “piece by piece” to ensure no errors remain.
As for the student involved, Yip described her as a diligent and high-performing researcher who made an honest mistake in her first attempt at using AI for academic assistance. Rather than penalize her, Yip chose a more constructive approach, urging her to take a course on how to use AI tools responsibly in academic research.
Ultimately, in an age where generative AI can produce everything from essays to legal arguments, there are two lessons to take away from this episode. First, AI is a powerful assistant, but only that. The final judgment must always rest with us. No matter how seamless the output seems, cross-checking and verifying information remain essential. Second, as AI becomes integral to academic and professional life, institutions must equip students and employees with the skills to use it responsibly. Training and mentorship are no longer optional; they’re the foundation for using AI to enhance, not undermine, human work.
Because in this age of intelligent machines, staying relevant isn’t about replacing human judgment with AI, it’s about learning how to work alongside it.
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Six technology companies showcased solutions for financial research, wealth management, consumer insight and security to investors and institutions.
Updated
November 14, 2026 11:54 PM
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Arnold Lau and King Leung (back row, fourth and fifth from left), Associate Directors-General of Investment Promotion at InvestHK, join the Ventureport team and representatives from the six technology companies. PHOTO: VENTUREPORT
Ventureport hosted the soft launch of InvestHK’s Fast-Track Connect at its AI+ Tech+ Finance+ gathering on 30 October, bringing more than 100 guests to Pier 1929 in Wan Chai.
Sponsored by InvestHK, the event brought investors, institutional representatives and technology companies together to explore investment and business partnerships. Six companies took the stage to showcase software solutions for financial professionals, consumer research, local AI computing and digital asset security.
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The Acting Head of Startups, at InvestHK, Chin-yung (CY), and the Senior Vice President (Fintech), Pauline Fan, introduced Fast-Track Connect. They explained how the agency’s international network connects it with technology companies seeking investment, customers and business opportunities in Hong Kong.
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Their remarks also highlight the need for a more structured approach to build these connections. Investors need easier ways to identify companies that match their interests, while institutions seeking new technology need access to businesses whose products could support their operations or benefit their customers.
To address this need, Fast-Track Connect provides an online platform where technology companies can publish profiles outlining their products and funding needs. Investors and corporate participants can identify relevant businesses and contact them to explore potential investments or collaborations. Service providers and community partners are also part of the platform. Alongside investors and corporate participants, these groups are designated as Champions on the platform.
Curated by InvestHK and supported by the Financial Services and the Treasury Bureau, Fast-Track Connect builds on the Global Fast Track Programme. It aims to help local enterprises expand into Chinese Mainland, Southeast Asia and other markets.
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AlphaPai, an AI-powered investment research platform developed by financial technology company RabyteTech, presented tools for financial research, including gathering data, monitoring financial instruments and comparing information from corporate earnings calls.
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At the event, the team explained how users can give research instructions in everyday language, while the software retrieves and processes information to prepare reports and presentation materials. Examples included tracking market developments and comparing company statements over time. The team also emphasised the importance of traceable sources, allowing analysts to verify the information behind their research.
A2B2.AI, a fintech startup, presented AI- powered tools designed to support investors and wealth advisers. Its specialist AI agents—software designed to carry out particular tasks—help prepare client meeting briefings, monitor financial products approaching maturity and identify market developments relevant to individual clients, according to the team.
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For investors, the tool can help make sense of lengthy documents provided by advisers and bring information from different accounts together to assess risk exposure. For wealth professionals, the tools support preparation and follow-up around client meetings.
The team described its approach as combining AI with human expertise to support financial decision- making. It also clarified that the platform does not execute investment transactions on behalf of clients, leaving those decisions and actions in their hands.
Preferences AI, an AI startup specialising in synthetic consumer research, presented simulated consumer profiles that businesses can use to explore how different audiences might respond to products, pricing and marketing messages. These profiles generate modelled responses rather than feedback from people directly interviewed or surveyed.
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The company described that its profiles are grounded in population data and account for differences between local audiences Businesses can use them to explore pricing or packaging options, as well as ask follow-up questions to understand the reasons behind a particular response. The team also discussed testing its models and working with academics to help validate the approach. It said the technology could help businesses explore consumer preferences more quickly.
ByteFuture, an AI infrastructure startup, focused on running AI on users’ own hardware. It introduced Olares, its operating system, and Olares One, a device designed to run AI models and applications locally.
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Its applications included personal assistance, financial research and content creation. The team argued that users handling private documents or proprietary trading strategies may prefer to retain that material on equipment they control.
A demonstration of AI-generated video illustrated creative work the team said could run locally. It also described applications and agents available through its software marketplace.
PureGlobal, a fintech company, addressed digital asset custody: the systems used to safeguard access to digital assets. Its team described technology for protecting access credentials and supporting offline transactions without a conventional internet connection.
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The presentation focused on infrastructure for institutions holding and transferring digital assets, including security under different operating conditions.
SlowMist, a blockchain security firm, examined the risks of giving AI agents permission to read information and perform tasks. Its examples included malicious instructions concealed in material an agent might encounter and attacks exploiting access granted to software.
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The team discussed security auditing, monitoring and investigations alongside risks arising from third-party tools and an agent’s stored information. One scenario involved exposing a wallet’s recovery phrase, which can give someone control over its assets.