How Korea is trying to take control of its AI future.
Updated
January 13, 2026 10:56 AM
SK Telecom Headquarters in Seoul, South Korea. PHOTO: ADOBE STOCK
SK Telecom, South Korea’s largest mobile operator, has unveiled A.X K1, a hyperscale artificial intelligence model with 519 billion parameters. The model sits at the center of a government-backed effort to build advanced AI systems and domestic AI infrastructure within Korea. This comes at a time when companies in the United States and China largely dominate the development of the most powerful large language models.
Rather than framing A.X K1 as just another large language model, SK Telecom is positioning it as part of a broader push to build sovereign AI capacity from the ground up. The model is being developed as part of the Korean government’s Sovereign AI Foundation Model project, which aims to ensure that core AI systems are built, trained and operated within the country. In simple terms, the initiative focuses on reducing reliance on foreign AI platforms and cloud-based AI infrastructure, while giving Korea more control over how artificial intelligence is developed and deployed at scale.
One of the gaps this approach is trying to address is how AI knowledge flows across a national ecosystem. Today, the most powerful AI foundation models are often closed, expensive and concentrated within a small number of global technology companies. A.X K1 is designed to function as a “teacher model,” meaning it can transfer its capabilities to smaller, more specialized AI systems. This allows developers, enterprises and public institutions to build tailored AI tools without starting from scratch or depending entirely on overseas AI providers.
That distinction matters because most real-world applications of artificial intelligence do not require massive models operating independently. They require focused, reliable AI systems designed for specific use cases such as customer service, enterprise search, manufacturing automation or mobility. By anchoring those systems to a large, domestically developed foundation model, SK Telecom and its partners are aiming to create a more resilient and self-sustaining AI ecosystem.
The effort also reflects a shift in how AI is being positioned for everyday use. SK Telecom plans to connect A.X K1 to services that already reach millions of users, including its AI assistant platform A., which operates across phone calls, messaging, web services and mobile applications. The broader goal is to make advanced AI feel less like a distant research asset and more like an embedded digital infrastructure that supports daily interactions.
This approach extends beyond consumer-facing services. Members of the SKT consortium are testing how the hyperscale AI model can support industrial and enterprise applications, including manufacturing systems, game development, robotics and autonomous technologies. The underlying logic is that national competitiveness in artificial intelligence now depends not only on model performance, but on whether those models can be deployed, adapted and validated in real-world environments.
There is also a hardware dimension to the project. Operating an AI model at the 500-billion-parameter scale places heavy demands on computing infrastructure, particularly memory performance and communication between processors. A.X K1 is being used to test and validate Korea’s semiconductor and AI chip capabilities under real workloads, linking large-scale AI software development directly to domestic semiconductor innovation.
The initiative brings together technology companies, universities and research institutions, including Krafton, KAIST and Seoul National University. Each contributes specialized expertise ranging from data validation and multimodal AI research to system scalability. More than 20 institutions have already expressed interest in testing and deploying the model, reinforcing the idea that A.X K1 is being treated as shared national AI infrastructure rather than a closed commercial product.
Looking ahead, SK Telecom plans to release A.X K1 as open-source AI software, alongside APIs and portions of the training data. If fully implemented, the move could lower barriers for developers, startups and researchers across Korea’s AI ecosystem, enabling them to build on top of a large-scale foundation model without incurring the cost and complexity of developing one independently.
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METiS TechBio’s blockbuster IPO signals rising investor interest in AI startups focused on how drugs are delivered inside the body
Updated
May 14, 2026 3:02 PM
HIV-1 virus particles, coloured red. PHOTO: UNSPLASH
Investors are beginning to place bigger bets on AI startups focused on drug delivery infrastructure rather than drug discovery alone. That shift was on display this week after METiS TechBio, a Hong Kong tech-bio startup focused on AI-powered drug delivery systems, debuted on the Hong Kong Stock Exchange.
The listing made METiS TechBio the world’s first publicly traded AI-powered drug delivery startup and the first AI-powered large-molecule biopharmaceutical startup listed in Hong Kong. The startup raised more than HKD 2.1 billion through its IPO, making it the largest healthcare listing in Hong Kong so far in 2026.
Investor demand was unusually strong. The Hong Kong public offering was oversubscribed by more than 6,900 times while the international tranche recorded 82 times oversubscription. More than 280 institutional investors participated in the international placing.
The strong demand reflects a wider shift in AI biotech. Over the past few years, much of the sector’s attention has focused on using AI to discover new drugs or molecules. METiS is taking a different approach. The startup focuses on how medicines are delivered inside the body after they are developed.
That challenge is becoming harder to ignore in biotech. Designing a therapy is only one part of the process. Delivering it precisely to specific organs, tissues or cells remains a major hurdle, especially for newer therapies involving RNA, proteins and large-molecule drugs.
METiS is trying to solve that problem through its proprietary NanoForge platform. The system uses AI to design and test nanodelivery systems that help medicines reach targeted areas inside the body more efficiently. The platform combines AI models, simulation systems and high-throughput screening tools to speed up formulation development and improve delivery precision.
The startup says it has already achieved targeted delivery across eight organs and tissue systems including the liver, lungs, heart, muscles and central nervous system.
One of its lead programs, MTS-004, became China’s first AI-enabled formulation drug to complete a Phase III clinical trial. The drug is being developed for pseudobulbar affect, a neurological condition that affects emotional expression. According to the startup, AI tools helped reduce preclinical formulation development time from up to two years to less than three months.
Investor interest in the IPO also came from some of the world’s largest asset managers and healthcare funds. BlackRock led the cornerstone investments with a USD 50 million subscription. Other participating investors included UBS Asset Management Singapore, Mirae Asset, ORIX Corporation, Deerfield, RTW, Hillhouse Capital and IDG Capital.
METiS is also building what it describes as a “platform collaboration + product partnership” business model. The startup currently works with more than 30 pharmaceutical and biotechnology partners globally, including large pharmaceutical companies and medical research institutions.
The company reported RMB 105 million in revenue in 2025, largely tied to upfront payments connected to its MTS-004 partnership agreements. It also said some platform collaboration contracts could reach milestone values of up to USD 109 million.
Chris Lai said: "The future of biomedicine will no longer be simply about 'taking medicine when one falls ill.' METiS TechBio's ambition is to harness AI to build nano-rockets that can navigate with precision through the inner space of the human body's 30 trillion cells, write the code of nucleic acids and proteins into cells, and reprogram diseased and aging cells into healthy cells. This was our founding aspiration, and it is the mission to which we will dedicate our lives. The IPO marks a new starting point for us to accelerate forward, and we will strive to live up to the support and trust we have received from all sectors."
The IPO also highlights how Hong Kong is increasingly positioning itself as a hub for next-generation biotech and AI healthcare startups. While investor excitement around AI drug discovery has cooled in parts of the market, startups focused on delivery systems and biotech infrastructure are beginning to attract stronger institutional backing.
For METiS, the challenge now will be turning that investor confidence into commercially viable therapies and long-term partnerships. But the listing suggests that AI-driven drug delivery is starting to emerge as a category investors are willing to treat as core biotech infrastructure rather than a niche research experiment.